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The Great Escape (1963) More at IMDbPro »

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Yes. It is based on The Great Escape, a 1950 novel by Australian writer Paul Brickhill [1916-1991].

Paul Brickhill based his story on the true events surrounding the mass escape from Stalag Luft III, a WWII German prisoner-of-war camp that housed captured air force personnel near Sagan (now Zagan), Poland, 100 miles (160 km) southeast of Berlin. Brickhill was unable to make the escape himself due to claustrophobia, but he was actively involved in implementing the plan.

American Flight Lieutenant Henley (James Garner) watches British Flight Lieutenant Colin Bythe (Donald Pleasence) make cups of tea out of old tea leaves. He asks "What are you doing here, Colin?" Blythe gives Henley the story about how he was shot down, after which Henley says, "No, I mean what do you DO here?" Two meanings to Henley's question have been suggested. One is something like "How the heck did a fragile, erudite chap like you end up here?" A more likely explanation is that Henley was asking what Blythe was doing in a special POW camp built to hold all the best Allied escape artists. Henley knew that Blythe wouldn't be in that particular camp if he hadn't shown some exceptional skill at escaping.

This was quite a common method of tunnel escape. You dug a shallow tunnel and simply passed the soil back by hand to the chap behind you, thus travelling mole-fashion under the ground. There were several drawbacks, notably air supply. As Hilts says, you'd need air-holes or some sort of breathing-straw. Such shallow tunnels were subject to earth-falls and were all too easy to discover by seismograph. They may only have been successful in the early part of the war before the Germans got their act together. But some did get out this way.

79 men got out. Three were caught at the mouth of the tunnel, 50 were murdered at various times and places, and three made it. Of the remaining 23, not all were returned to Stalag Luft III. These escaped: Bergsland, Muller, van der Stok. These were caught at the mouth of the tunnel: Langlois, Reavell-Carter, Trent. These were recaptured and survived: Armstrong, Bethell, Brodrick, Cameron, Churchill, Day, Dodge, Dowse, Dvorak, Green, James, Marshall, McDonald, Neely, Nelson, Ogilvie, Plunkett, Poynter, Royle, Shand, Thompson, Tonder, van Wymeersch.

Tim Carroll, in The Great Escapers, wrote that, in 2004, only seven of these men were alive. Since then, the deaths of Jimmy James and Sydney Dowse have been widely reported in the British press, which would leave Tony Bethell in Canada, Les Brodrick in South Africa, Dick Churchill in Devon, Paul Royle in Australia, and Mike Shand in New Zealand to tell the tale.

One WW2 escape film strongly recommended by those who have seen The Great Escape is Stalag 17 (1953), in which POWs search for a traitor in their midst. In Von Ryan's Express (1965), an American POW attempts to lead British soldiers from a German camp in Italy. In Saving Private Ryan (1998), US soldiers attempt to rescue a paratrooper behind enemy lines. Two other great escape films include The Colditz Story (1955) and The Wooden Horse (1950). If you like WW2 films in general, you might try The Dirty Dozen (1967), in which 12 military prisoners, all with death sentences, are recruited to raid a German R&R center. Similarly, in The Guns of Navarone (1961), British and Greek soldiers attempt to destroy two powerful German guns on the island of Navarone that are preventing the escape of British troops from a neighboring island. There's The Thin Red Line (1998), which focuses on the conflict at Guadalcanal, and Idi i smotri (1985) [Come and See], a Russian film set in Byelorussia. Clint Eastwood's companion films, Letters from Iwo Jima (2006) and Flags of Our Fathers (2006), portray the battle of Iwo Jima from the American viewpoint as well as the perspective of the Japanese soldiers. In The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), British soldiers attempt to blow up a bridge that they themselves built to accommodate the Burma-Siam railway. A more recent movie that uses the idea of a tunnel escape is Stephen King's The Shawshank Redemption (1994).