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1-50 of 161
- Writer
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L. Frank Baum became a success with his 1883 production of "The Maid of Arran" in 1882. He was a dreamer, had a printing press and an amateur newspaper, "The Rose Lawn Home Journal" and published a coin and stamp collecting guide. He failed at almost everything through poor business sense. He had been an actor, though only successfully in "The Maid of Arran," a newspaper editor ("The Aberdeen Saturday Pioneer"), a store owner (Baum's Bazaar, from which he filed for bankruptcy on New Year's Day of 1899), and motion picture producer and director. He met everything with enthusiasm and talent, but things did not work just right and only became successful again as a writer. Diverse in audience and subject matter, he is best remembered for his fourteen Oz books and their subsidiary fantasies. He is said to have singlehandedly created the fantasy genre out of the Andersen-style literary fairy tale. He used a variety of pseudonyms for juvenile series made at the publishers request, the best known and most successful being as Edith Van Dyne, who was once played by an actress at a luncheon with another publisher who wanted to meet her. The name was later used by Emma Speed Sampson, who continued some of his series.
Baum was a kind and gentle family man, who never swore or told dirty jokes, nor was he able to punish his four sons, whom Maud had to handle for him. He was born with a bad heart and suffered several minor attacks, including one induced by The Peekskill Military Academy at age 14. He loved to make fun of the military after that incident, as one can see in his Oz books. He created and headed The Oz Film Manufacturing Company in 1914 and directed one film the year later, after which his son Frank Joslyn Baum took it over, changing the name to Dramatic Feature Films, after the Oz name had been cursed as box-office poison, despite excellent critical reception of J. Farrell MacDonald's The Patchwork Girl of Oz (1914).
He continued writing, sitting up in bed long after his health had failed him, and his final Oz book was published posthumously in 1920. It was only his second attempt at science fiction. Baum's writing attracted legions of fans of all ages, both during and after his lifetime. His work has influenced such writers as Gore Vidal, Ray Bradbury, and Terry Brooks. The Oz series has been continued both officially and unofficially after his death. Frank Joslyn Baum sold the film rights of the first Oz book to MGM in 1934, and Walt Disney soon picked up the rest, unable to secure the original from them, for he, too, had desired to make a film version, as had been done before by Baum himself, Otis Turner, Ray C. Smallwood, Larry Semon, Ethel Meglin, Ted Eshbaugh, and many subsequent to 1939. Ironically, Baum moved to Hollywood at Ozcot to have a quiet place to write, which, of course, resulted in the OFMC. One other notable work by Baum is Tamawaca Folks, a spoof of his vacation town of Macatawa Michigan, taking the name of Michigan author John Esten Cooke and changing it to John Estes Cooke. Baum himself has a supporting role (under a different name) in the novel, which was based on all the vacationers. Baum's health problems limited his life to 63 years, but his literary output was remarkable, though mostly forgotten. An episode of the television series Death Valley Days (1952) features him and Maud as characters.- Writer
- Producer
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (October 27, 1858 - January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or his initials T. R., was an American politician, statesman, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He previously served as the 25th vice president under William McKinley from March to September 1901, and as the 33rd governor of New York from 1899 to 1900. Having assumed the presidency after McKinley's assassination, Roosevelt emerged as a leader of the Republican Party and became a driving force for anti-trust and Progressive policies.- Lamar Johnstone was born on 15 March 1884 in Fairfax, Virginia, USA. He was an actor, known for The Ne'er Do Well (1915), Robin Hood (1912) and The Holy City (1912). He died on 21 May 1919 in Palm Springs, California, USA.
- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Charles Weston was born on 24 May 1886 in Jacksonville, Florida, USA. He was a director and producer, known for The Hand at the Window (1915), The Seventh Day (1914) and For King and Country (1914). He was married to Alice Inwood. He died on 15 August 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.- Nella Bergen was born on 2 December 1873 in New York, USA. She was an actress, known for The Summer Girl (1899). She was married to DeWolf Hopper Sr. and James Dunne Bergen. She died on 24 April 1919 in Freeport, New York, USA.
- Vera Kholodnaya was born on 5 August 1893 in Poltava, Russian Empire [now Ukraine]. She was an actress, known for Her Sister's Rival (1916), Stolichnyi iad (1917) and Deti veka (1915). She was married to Vladimir Kholodny. She died on 17 February 1919 in Odessa, Ukraine.
- Shelly Hull was born on 17 June 1884 in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. He was an actor, known for Sapho (1913) and An Honorable Cad (1919). He was married to Josephine Hull. He died on 14 January 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Dee Lampton was born on 6 October 1898 in Fort Worth, Texas, USA. He was an actor, known for Drama's Dreadful Deal (1917), Schemer Skinny's Scandal (1917) and Skinny Routs a Robber (1917). He died on 2 September 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Andrew Carnegie is a Scottish-American industrialist, and philanthropist. Carnegie led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century and became one of the richest Americans in history. He became a leading philanthropist in the United States and in the British Empire. During the last 18 years of his life, he gave away $350 million (conservatively $66 billion in 2024 dollars, based on percentage of GDP) to charities, foundations, and universities - almost 90 percent of his fortune. His 1889 article proclaiming "The Gospel of Wealth" called on the rich to use their wealth to improve society, and stimulated a wave of philanthropy.
Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, and immigrated to the United States with his parents in 1848 at age 12. Carnegie started work as a telegrapher, and by the 1860s had investments in railroads, railroad sleeping cars, bridges, and oil derricks. He accumulated further wealth as a bond salesman, raising money for American enterprise in Europe. He built Pittsburgh's Carnegie Steel Company, which he sold to J.P. Morgan in 1901 for $303,450,000. It became the U.S. Steel Corporation. After selling Carnegie Steel, he surpassed John D. Rockefeller as the richest American for the next several years.
Carnegie devoted the remainder of his life to large-scale philanthropy, with special emphasis on local libraries, world peace, education, and scientific research. With the fortune he made from business, he built Carnegie Hall in New York, NY, and the Peace Palace and founded the Carnegie Corporation of New York, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, Carnegie Hero Fund, Carnegie Mellon University, and the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh, among others. - Pierre-Auguste Renior was born on February 25, 1841, in Limoges, France. His father was a tailor and his mother was a dressmaker. In 1845 his family moved to Paris and settled near the Louvre Museum. There young Renoir had his first experience with art.
From age 13 he became an apprentice painter in a porcelain factory, where he painted for five years. At age 19 he took drawing lessons from Charles Gleyre, and in 1862 he attended the Ecole des Beaux-Arts, a classical school of fine arts in Paris. There he met Claude Monet, Alfred Sisley, and Frederic Bazille, the future founders of Impressionism. During the 1860's Renoir was still painting in the academic tradition, and his portrait of his mistress, Lise Trehot, was traditional enough to be accepted at the 1867 Salon. In 1869 Renoir moved in with 'Claude Monet' and Frederic Bazille. Under their influence he updated his technique and color scheme. He started using little brush-strokes and vibrant pure colors while painting mainly outdoors, 'en plein aire'.
In 1874 Renoir took part in the first exhibition of the 'Society of independent artists' in the Paris studio of photographer Nadar. Monet's painting 'Impression, soleil levant' (Impression, Sunrise 1872) was untitled until the first show in 1874. A title was needed in a hurry for the catalogue. Monet suggested "Impression" as a simple title for his painting. The catalogue editor, Renoir's brother Edouard, added an explanatory 'Sunrise', thus making "Impression: soleil levant" the official title for Monet's work. From the painting's title, art critic Louis Leroy coined the term "Impressionism", which he intended to be derogatory. Monet's title came under criticism which seized upon the first word. Renoir with Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, were joined by Edgar Degas, and Georges Seurat, and continued to exhibit together despite the financial failure of the first show.
Impressionists slowly gained recognition after 1880, when public begun to recognize the value of their works. In 1881 Renoir traveled to Algeria, then to Spain, and later to Italy to see masterpieces of Titian and Raphael in Florence and Rome. In 1882 Renoir met composer Richard Wagner at his home in Sicily, and painted his portrait. In 1883 he had his first one-man exhibition at the Paris gallery of Paul Durand-Ruel, who became his art dealer. He received commissions to paint portraits of prominent Parisians, and also made several group portraits of his friends, models, writers, and fellow artists, such as the 'Luncheon of the Boating Party' (1881). In 1887, being already famous, Renoir donated several paintings to Queen Victoria on her Golden Jubilee. At that time he worked on a big composition 'Les baigneuses' (The Bathers), for which he made a series of nude female studies representing feminine grace with masterful depiction of the soft forms and tender texture of skin. His lively, joyful paintings brought him fame and steady success.
In 1880 Renoir met Aline Chairgot. She became his model and a painting assistant. In 1885, their first son, Pierre Renoir, was born. They married in 1890, and spent much time in Essoyes, the childhood home of his wife. In 1894, while living in Montmartre in Paris, they had their second son, named Jean Renoir, who later became a famous filmmaker. His third son, Claude Renoir, was born in 1901. Family life was beneficial to Renoir's work. He became as interested in painting people as he was in painting landscapes. By the age of 50 Renoir became wealthy and famous, but his health declined. During the 1890s he developed rheumatoid arthritis and had to move to a warmer climate in the South of France. In 1907 he bought a farm at Cagnes-sur-Mer. There Renoir expanded the garden into a beautifully landscaped park and continued painting landscapes and nudes.
Renoir suffered from complications of arthritis and was wheelchair-bound during the last 20 years of his life. He also suffered from cataracts, which affected his vision so that his later paintings had a general reddish tone and softer lines. He continued to paint with a brush on a stick strapped to his arm, because he lost mobility in his fingers and in his right shoulder due to ankylosis. Renoir did not give up art, he even started making sculptures with an assistant. He died at his house in Cagnes on December 3, 1919, and was laid to rest at the Cagnes-sur-Mer church cemetery.
In 1962 his son Jean Renoir wrote 'Renoir My Father', the definitive biography of August Renoir. The value of his art has been going up. In 1990, a smaller version of Renoir's painting 'Bal au moulin de la Galette' (1876), was sold at an auction for $78,000,000. - Madam C.J. Walker was born on 23 December 1867 in Louisiana, USA. She died on 25 May 1919 in Irvington, New York, USA.
- Actor
- Director
George Gebhardt was born on 21 September 1879 in Basel, Switzerland. He was an actor and director, known for The Puppet Crown (1915), A Woman's Way (1908) and The Chosen Prince, or the Friendship of David and Jonathan (1917). He was married to Mrs. George Gebhardt. He died on 2 May 1919 in Edendale, California, USA.- Actor
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Dan Albert was born on 23 July 1891 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. He was an actor and assistant director, known for No Place Like Jail (1918). He died on 28 May 1919 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA.- Leonid Andreev was born on August 21, 1871 in Orel, Russia. His father, named Nikolai Ivanovich Andreev, was a member of the provincial Russian Nobility and worked as a land inspector for the government. His mother, Named Anastasia Nikolaevna Andreeva (Pazkovska) belonged to the Polish Nobility. Andreev graduated from the Orel Gymnasium, went to study law at the St. Petersburg University, and graduated from the Moscow University. His work as a crime reporter for "Moscovski Vestnik" (Moscow daily paper) provided material for his stories. He was fond of reading Fyodor Dostoevsky, Lev Tolstoy, and Anton Chekhov. He also red then popular Friedrich Nietzsche and Schopenhauer. After the death of his father and a painful first love experience in 1894 he was depressed and tried to shoot himself in a suicide attempt. He survived and worked hard to support his mother and his two sisters and two younger brothers. He successfully passed the Russian Law Bar in 1897 and practiced law as an attorney for five years from 1897-1902.
Andreev published his first story "Bargamot and Garaska" in 1898. It was noticed by Maxim Gorky, who promoted Andreev to the circle of writers and publishers, called Znanie (Knowledge). In 1901 his first book of stories was published by Znanie. His story "Bezdna" (Abyss, 1902), about a teenager's experience with a prostitute ending in her murder and his suicide, was attacked by Lev Tolstoy. But Andreev became an instant celebrity in Russia. After his anti-war story "Krasny Smekh" (Red Laughter, 1904), written during the Russian-Japanese war, he got involved with anti-Czar revolutionaries. Andreev was arrested and jailed by the Czar's secret service in 1905, after that he emigrated to Europe and lived in Capri, Italy as a guest of Maxim Gorky. While developing his expressionist style, Andreev wrote a bluntly realistic anti-war story "Rasskaz o semi poveshennykh" (A Story About the Seven Hung, 1909) and a realist novel "Sashka Zhegulev" (1911). After the war and the first Russian revolution of 1905, Andreev was writing a play every year. His plays were staged at the Moscow Art Theatre and theatres in Vienna, Berlin, Odessa and Kazan by directors Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko and Vsevolod Meyerhold among others. His best plays "Anathema", "Tsar-Golod" (Czar-hunger), "Samson v okovakh" (Samson in Handcuffs, 1914) were banned by Russian censorship under the Czar. Andreev built a big villa in Kuokkala, Finland, where many Russian intellectuals lived, just 50 km. West of St. Petersburg. He was a regular member of the circle of Korney Ivanovich Chukovskiy and maintained friendship with Maxim Gorky. Leonid Andreev also was a friend of writers Aleksandr Kuprin, Vladimir Korolenko, Ivan Bunin, Vikenti Veresaev, and singer Feodor Chaliapin Sr.. During WWI he was a strong critic of German aggression. In 1917 he opposed the Bolshevik Revolution.
Leonid Andreev was the founder of the Russian Expressionism in literature. He modernized his style through experiments with spiritualism, symbolism, eroticism and mysticism, and also studied a range of occult and religious traditions. His literary parallel was the American writer H.P. Lovecraft. Andreev remained in his villa in Finland after it's separation from Russia during the Russian revolution of 1917. He was a staunch critic of the Soviet communism and wrote powerful articles about the atrocities of communists in Russia. He died on September 12, 1919, at his home in Kuokkala, Finland, at the age of 48. Some mystery was haunting his burial; his grave in Finland was later on the Soviet territory since WWII. His magnificent villa was destroyed. In 1957 Leonid Andreev's remains were exhumed and moved to the prestigious "Poet's Alley" at the "Literatorskie Mostki" (Literary burials) near the graves of Ivan Turgenev, Ivan Goncharov, Nikolai Leskov and other Russian cultural luminaries at the Volkovo Cemetery in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg). - Percy Stow was born in 1876 in Islington, London, England, UK. He was a director, known for The Love of a Nautch Girl (1909), A Modern Cinderella (1908) and The Morganatic Marriage (1909). He died on 10 July 1919 in Torquay, Devon, England, UK.
- Charles Rock was born on 30 May 1866 in Velore, East Indies. He was an actor, known for Carry On (1919), The Prisoner of Zenda (1915) and Vice Versa (1916). He was married to Constance Helen Wilkie Jones (aka Miss Cybel Wynne). He died on 12 July 1919 in London, England, UK.
- Actor
- Director
Alfred Paget was born on 2 June 1879 in London, England, UK. He was an actor and director, known for Intolerance (1916), Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp (1917) and Martyrs of the Alamo (1915). He was married to Leila Halstead Paget. He died on 8 October 1919 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.- Princess Charlotte of Prussia was born on 24 July 1860 in Potsdam, Kingdom of Prussia [now Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany]. She was married to Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Meiningen. She died on 1 October 1919 in Baden-Baden, Weimar Republic [now Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany].
- Actor
- Director
- Writer
His mother claimed he was adopted, perhaps because her husband had been away touring for several years before Sidney's birth and was dead before the great event took place. Ethel Barrymore, Lionel Barrymore and John Barrymore, his niece and nephews, insisted he looked too much like "Mummum" to have been anybody else's child. But the mystery continues--there's a rumor he was born at sea (!) and even his date of birth is in doubt. The young Barrymores were largely raised by Sidney's mother (their maternal grandmother), and Uncle Googan, as they called Sidney, was often about the place during their childhood. The date of his first marriage is also unknown, but sometime before 1892 he wed Gladys Rankin, also from a famous acting clan. They were billed as Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Drew, played vaudeville and toured in marital comedies. If the material turned out to be bad, Mrs. Drew would rewrite it or come up with a better script. Later they joined Vitagraph where he worked as an actor and director. After his wife's death in 1914, he married Lucille McVey, the second Mrs. Sidney Drew, a vivacious 24-year-old writer he had met on the Vitagraph lot where they both worked. His son, S. Rankin Drew, also acted in films and was thought a promising director, but he enlisted in the army in World War I and was killed when his plane was shot down over France. Sidney never got over his only child's death, and died a year later.- British/American writer Herman Whitaker was born on 14 January, 1867, a son of James Whitaker, a wool merchant in Huddersfield, and his wife Annie Walton. Herman was the second to the youngest of seven children. James Whitaker may have died around the time of the birth of his seventh child for he is not listed in the 1870 census and his nineteen year old son is running the family wool business in Huddersfield. When Whitaker was sixteen he joined the British Army and served for three years with the 2nd battalion West Ridding regiment. There his prowess with a sword was such that he was chosen fencing master of the regiment. After leaving the army he immigrated to Canada where he worked for the Hudson Bay Company and would later marry and start to raise a family.
By the late 1880s, Whitaker and his wife Margaret Vanderkar (or Vandercar) were operating a farm not far from Russell, Manitoba. There, the couple would go on to have six children, a seventh would come later in California.
In 1895 Whitaker abandoned what he considered a dark and desolate existence on the Canadian Prairie for a hopefully sunnier future in California. Later his book, "The Settler" (1906), chronicled the hardships faced by immigrant farming families battling the harsh elements while trying to deal with the then inflexible policies of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Unfortunately, Whitaker came to California during one of the worst economic depression in American history. To support his growing family he dug ditches, built barns and worked as a $12 a-week grocery store clerk in Oakland. Whitaker began his writing career at the age of 35 by submitting stories to the Overland Monthly and later Harper's Magazine. While these early stories did not earn him a great deal of money ($2.50 for his first), it did gain him acceptance into the growing Bay Area artist colony. Whitaker became close friends of writer Jack London, poet George Sterling and writer/activist Austin Lewis.
Over his career Whitaker authored some two hundred short stories for periodicals and a number of books, of which include: "The Probationer" (1905), "The Planter" (1909), "The Mystery of the Barranca" (1913), "Cross Trails: The Story of One Woman in the North Woods" (1914), "Over the Border: A Novel of Northern Mexico" (1916) and "Hunting the German Shark" (1919). Many of Whitaker's stories dealt with social injustice and were set in (but not exclusively), Canada and Mexico.
In the aftermath of the Great San Francisco Earthquake Whitaker opened up his large house in Piedmont to accommodate as many of his displaced friends as possible. One of these guests was Mexican/American artist Xavier Timoteo Martinez (1869-1943). Xavier soon fell in love with Whitaker's sixteen year old daughter, whom he had met earlier, and proposed the following year. Elsie Whitaker accepted despite the fact that Xavier was twice her age and only two years younger than her father and that she'd already agreed to at least four other wedding proposals. Elsie, who George Sterling once called, "the Blessed Damozel, was already considered a "free-spirited artist". Xavier and Elsie married in the fall of 1907 and stayed together until his death in 1943.
Another house guest during that time was F. L. Bassett, a local musician, and his wife Alyce Hunt Bassett. Not long after the Bassett's marriage dissolved, Whitaker became involved with Alyce, who was only a year or so older than his eldest son. The following year, on 11 August, 1907, the couple married in San Francisco. Whitaker first wife, Margaret, may have passed away some time earlier, since all her younger children were living with their father and new bride by the time of the 1910 census.
On 10 December, 1913, Whitaker became a Naturalized United States citizen. He meant to have become a citizen much earlier but found cutting his ties with Britain difficult.
Whitaker became friends with General John J. "Blackjack" Pershing during his Punitive Expedition into Mexico following Poncho Villa's raid on Columbus, New Mexico, even though he thought the American policy there was a "horrible blunder". Considered an authority on Mexico, Whitaker was working there as a correspondent for the Oakland Tribune. While in Mexico he got the opportunity to meet and be photographed with Poncho Villa.
When the United States entered World War One Whitaker became the Tribune's war correspondent with the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe. Though over fifty he followed the troops everywhere, he felt the affects of mustard gas while going over the top during trench warfare, flew in sea planes, was onboard destroyers as they searched for German submarines off the coast of Northern France and minesweepers as they attempted to clear the sea lanes and even went down in an allied submarine. His book, "Hunting the German Shark", is based on his observations of Allied anti-submarine warfare in the Atlantic. Once while aboard the United States destroyer Cummings, he thought one of the sailors look familiar to him and as the young man walked by Whitaker turned and said: "Hello son". Percy Whitaker, who was a Gunner's Mate on the Cummings, had no idea his father was aboard nor did his father know that his son served on that destroyer.
While still on assignment in Paris, Whitaker became seriously ill with a stomach ailment. Thinking it might be appendicitis he made the decision to return home to the Unites States for an operation. Herman Whitaker died on 20 January, 1919, of stomach cancer one week after having abdominal surgery at St. Luke's Hospital in New York. He was survived by his second wife, two daughters and five sons. His ashes were scattered on Round Top, an extinct volcano that dominates the Oakland skyline. - Actor
- Writer
- Script and Continuity Department
Jay Dwiggins was born on 1 September 1866 in Rensselaer, Indiana, USA. He was an actor and writer, known for Bound in Morocco (1918), High Tide (1918) and He Comes Up Smiling (1918). He was married to Cora Arbogast. He died on 8 September 1919 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Emiliano Zapata was born on August 8, 1879 in Anenecuilo, Mexico, the son of a local businessman. He was not himself a tenant farmer, but was raised amoung them in the predominantly agrarian Morelos district, where the primitive living conditions convinced him of the need for sweeping reforms. He became the peasants' spokesman in the area and was briefly drafted into the Mexican army as punishment for his radical statements on their behalf. In the early 1900s, as public pressure grew against the dictatorial regime of President Porfirio Díaz, Zapata started organizing a revolutionary army in Morelos. He proved to be a natural tactician as well as an inspiring leader. When a revolt against Diaz, headed by Francisco I. Madero, broke out in March 1911, Zapata was appointed Supremo (Supreme Chief) of the Revolutionary Movement of the South. By the end of May, Zapata's forces had defeated Diaz's troops in Yautepec, Cuautla and Cuernavaca, in southern Mexico, events that played a key role in Madero's subsequent victory and appointment as president of Mexico. When Madero was overthrown and assassinated by Gen. Victoriano Huerta in 1913, Zapata entered into a campaign of guerrilla warfare against the Huerta regime, which was even more repressive than Diaz's. By July 1914 Zapata's forces had fought their way to the outskirts of Mexico City, forcing Huerta to flee into exile. Four months later, when the revolutionaries' victory was complete, Zapata entered Mexico City in triumph with fellow commanders Pancho Villa and Venustiano Carranza, and the three established a provisional government. However, the following spring Zapata, like Villa before him, was ousted from the new government by Carranza and his followers. Once again Zapata entered into a protracted guerrilla war against the government. After a four-year stalemate and infrequent clashes with federal troops, the government finallly persuaded Zapata to attend a peace conference aimed at ending the insurrection, and the conference took place in Chinameca on April 10, 1919. However, when Zapata arrived he was immediately surrounded and shot and killed by government troops; the "conference" was a ploy by Carranza to lure Zapata to a place where he could be assassinated. Zapata's reforms were eventually instituted, though, albeit years after his death. He is regarded to this day by most Mexicans as a martyr to the Mexican revolution.
- Paul Lindau was born on 3 June 1839 in Magdeburg, Kingdom of Prussia [now Saxony-Anhalt, Germany]. He was a writer, known for Il caso Haller (1933), Der Andere (1913) and Die blaue Laterne (1918). He was married to Anna Kalisch and Marie Hedwig Bronkhorst. He died on 31 January 1919 in Berlin, Germany.
- Rosa Luxemburg was born on 5 March 1870 in Zamosc, Poland, Russian Empire [now Zamosc, Lubelskie, Poland]. She was a writer, known for Valitsen rohkeuden (1977). She was married to Gustav Lübeck. She died on 15 January 1919 in Berlin, Germany.
- Music Department
- Writer
- Composer
Ruggero Leoncavallo was born on 23 April 1857 in Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies [now Naples, Campania, Italy]. He was a writer and composer, known for Moonraker (1979), The Untouchables (1987) and To Rome with Love (2012). He was married to Berthe Rambaud. He died on 9 August 1919 in Montecatini Terme, Tuscany, Italy.- Betty Gray was born Lilly Pederson. Her father, Neils Pederson, was born in Denmark and her mother Amalia was born in Sweden. She was the youngest of six children, After high school she studied at the New York school of Applied Art. She worked as an artists model and posed for Harrison Fisher who used her as the model for his "Western Girl" pictures. Betty spent eight months performing in vaudeville and was offered a contract with Pathe Studios in 1912. She made her film debut in the comedy Gee! My Pants. The petite brunette quickly became one of Hollywood's busiest actresses.
She had leading roles in numerous films including The Country Boy, His Last Dollar, and The Beachcombers. In 1914 she married Elliot Hunt Pendleton Jr, the son of a wealthy lawyer. She signed with Vitagraph in 1915 and starred in the comedies A Madcap Adventure and The Timid Mr. Tootles. Betty also worked as a scenario writer. She and her husband moved to Cincinnati, Ohio where he opened a garage. The couple returned to Manhattan in 1918 and Betty appeared in the propaganda film Why America Will Win. It would be her final movie. Tragically on April 20, 1919 she died from influenza. Betty was only twenty-six years old. She was buried at Cedar Lawn cemetery in Passaic, New Jersey. - Clifford Bruce born in Toronto, Canada in 1885, a well-built touch performer who supported in many American silent drama, westerns and action-serial's, first with the Selig Film Company in 1913, followed by Fox studios and later the Metro Film Company in the late 1910's, he's perhaps best remembered as the Gypsy Leader in Pearl White's action-adventure serial 'The Perils of Pauline' for the Pathe Film Company in 1914 and as Tom the Friend in Theda Bara's 'A Fool There Was' directed by Porter Emerson Browne at the Fox Film Company in 1915, he was last seen as Baron Demetrius Strakosch in 'Black Is White' in 1920 released a year after his death, he dead in New York aged only 34 in 1919.
- Actor
- Soundtrack
Oscar Hammerstein was born on 8 May 1847 in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia [now Szczecin, Poland]. He was an actor, known for The Universal Boy (1914). He was married to Mary Emma Miller Swift, Melvina Jacobi and Rose Blau. He died on 1 August 1919 in New York, New York, USA.- Actor
James Fitzgerald was born on 17 April 1896 in Mississippi, USA. He was an actor. He died on 21 January 1919 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Nat C. Goodwin was born on 25 July 1857 in Boston, Massachusetts, USA. He was an actor, known for The Marriage Bond (1916), Business Is Business (1915) and Oliver Twist (1912). He was married to Marjorie or Margaret Moreland, Edna Goodrich, Maxine Elliott, Nellie Baker Pease and Eliza Weatherby. He died on 31 January 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Wilfrid Laurier was born on 20 November 1841 in St. Lin, Québec, Canada. He was married to Zoe Lafontaine. He died on 17 February 1919 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Stanley Murphy was born on 29 November 1875 in Dublin, Ireland. He died on 10 January 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- After school, Bahlsen completed commercial training in Geneva. From 1879 he worked as an entrepreneur in various business areas in Hanover. Bahlsen's business activities also took him to London, where he learned a specific recipe for the typical English sweet pastry called "cakes", which he brought back to Germany. In 1888, Bahlsen initially joined a biscuit factory in Hanover as a partner. But just a year later, in 1889, he founded his own company there: the "Hannoversche Cakesfabrik H. Bahlsen". The small bakery initially had ten employees. By 1893 the number of employees had already risen to around 100. Bahlsen now also began producing the legendary "Leibniz Cake". The resourceful entrepreneur promoted what later became the most famous biscuit in the world with a short quote from the philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, after whom the product was named.
This unusual advertising method quickly promoted the spread of the biscuit. Another typical feature of Bahlsen products to this day is their special packaging, which guarantees the freshness of the product even when stored for a long time. Bahlsen patented the packaging in 1903. Bahlsen's company logo was also created shortly after the turn of the century, for which the entrepreneur sought advice from an Egyptologist: Bahlsen designed it from the hieroglyph for the word "TET", which stands for eternity and durability. Since then, the logo has symbolized the company's claim to produce a product that can be used in the long term. From 1905 onwards, Bahlsen biscuits were produced using streamlined methods, which also included the assembly line system.
Hermann Bahlsen died on November 6, 1919 in Hanover. His eldest son Hans Bahlsen and especially the second eldest son Werner Bahlsen later took over management of the company. - Edward Abeles was born on 4 November 1869 in St. Louis, Missouri, USA. He was an actor, known for Brewster's Millions (1914), The House of Mirth (1918) and After Five (1915). He was married to Charlotte Lander. He died on 10 July 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Writer
- Music Department
- Soundtrack
Amado Nervo was born on 27 August 1870 in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. He was a writer, known for Ileana, la mujer (1966), La cruz y la espada (1934) and Un padre a toda máquina (1964). He was married to Ana Cecilia Luisa Dailliez. He died on 24 August 1919 in Montevideo, Uruguay.- Famous American poet and author. She wrote numerous poems starting when she was 7 years old. She would go on to write poems such as The Price He Paid, Inherited Passions, The Beautiful Lie and The Belle of the Season amoung other. In her later years she went to the battle fields in France during World War 1 to lecture to the soldiers, and assist with the Red Cross. While in France Ella became ill and was taken back to the United States where she died of Cancer at her Short Beach estate. She was cremated and sealed in a vault with her husbands ashes on the property.
- Edward J. Laurie was born on 7 November 1869 in Marylebone, Middlesex, England, UK. He was an actor, known for Just for a Kid (1916), Hired and Fired (1916) and Chinatown Villains (1916). He was married to May Beatty and Emily Marion Steele. He died on 9 January 1919 in London, England, UK.
- Actor
- Writer
Fred Montague was born in 1864 in London, England, UK. He was an actor and writer, known for Cameo Kirby (1914), The Squaw Man (1914) and The Hidden Law (1916). He was married to Maurine Rasmussen. He died on 3 July 1919 in Los Angeles, California, USA.- Composer
- Music Department
Angel Gregorio Villoldo was born on 16 February 1861 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Angel Gregorio was a composer, known for Ce qui me meut (1989) and Twin Sisters or Homeland (2013). Angel Gregorio died on 14 October 1919 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.- Prince John was born on 12 July 1905 in Sandringham, Norfolk, England, UK. He died on 18 January 1919 in Sandringham, Norfolk, England, UK.
- Philip Robson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK. He was an actor, known for Life's Whirlpool (1916), The Running Fight (1915) and The Banker's Daughter (1914). He died on 6 May 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Scott Marble was born in August 1847 in Pennsylvania, USA. Scott was a writer, known for The Great Train Robbery (2004). Scott was married to Gracie F. Jones (actress). Scott died on 5 April 1919 in New York City, New York, USA.
- Bessie Abbott was born on 5 April 1878 in Heuvelton, New York, USA. She was married to Thomas Waldo Story (sculptor). She died on 9 February 1919 in New York, New York, USA.
- Writer
- Music Department
- Actor
Songwriter ("Kiss Me Again", "I Want What I Want When I Want It"), and author, educated at the Stoddard School. He was in the insurance business, and joined ASCAP in 1914, becoming both a charter member and a director from 1917-1919. He collaborated musically with Victor Herbert and Alfred Robyn, and his song compositions include "The Mascot of the Troop", "When You're Pretty and the World Is Fair", "The Isle of our Dreams", "Every Day is Ladies Day With Me", "The Streets of New York", "Because You're You", "I'll Be Married to the Music of a Military Band", "Neapolitan Love Song", "Moonbeams", "Thine Alone", "The Irish Have a Great Day Tonight", "Free Trade and a Misty Moon", "Eileen Alanna Asthore", "When Shall I Again See Ireland?", and "When You're Away".- John Fox Jr. was born on 16 December 1862 in Stony Point, Kentucky, USA. John was a writer, known for The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (1936), The Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come (1928) and Heart o' the Hills (1919). John was married to Fritzi Scheff. John died on 8 July 1919 in Big Stone Gap, Virginia, USA.
- Aaron Kosminski was born in 1864 in Poland. He died on 24 March 1919 in Leavesden Asylum, Abbots Langley, England, UK.
- Actor
- Director
Vitold Polonsky was born in 1879. He was an actor and director, known for After Death (1915), Her Sister's Rival (1916) and Pesn lyubvi nedopetaya (1918). He died on 5 January 1919 in Odessa, Ukraine.- Animation Department
- Director
- Writer
Leon Searle was born on 28 October 1881 in Lawrence, Kansas, USA. He was a director and writer, known for Monty and the Missionary (1915), Mile-a-Minute Monty (1915) and Mile-a-Minute Monty (1916). He was married to Victoria F.. He died on 27 January 1919 in Flushing, New York, USA.- Writer
- Director
Nikolay Lavrentievich Klado (1862-1919) - historian and theorist of the Russian fleet, professor of the Marine Corps, Nikolaev Marine and Engineering Academy, Major General Admiralty, sailor-writer. From the nobles, a native of Tver province. Hereditary sailor, his grandfather and father served in the Black Sea Fleet. Nikolay's father, naval gunner, defender of Sevastopol, after the Crimean War was transferred to Vladivostok, where the naval base was laid. Nikolay Klado in 1875 entered the Maritime School (later - the Marine Corps) as a pupil. November 1, 1879 is considered the beginning of his active service. On December 5, 1879, he was promoted to non-commissioned officer, and a year later, to sergeant major. On April 12, 1881, he became a midshipman, and for excellent performance and behavior received the Admiral Ricord Prize of 300 rubles. May 31, 1882 promoted to the rank of midshipman. Then he graduated from the Mechanical Department at the Nikolaev Naval Academy (1886). In 1886-1889 and 1892-1895, he was a teacher of mathematics at the Marine Corps. January 1, 1888 promoted to the rank of lieutenant. Flag officer of the head of the detachment of ships of the Corps. Since 1889, he was a flag officer in the command of the squadron commander in the Pacific Ocean, Vice Admiral P.N. Nazimov. On the cruiser "Memory of Azov" he traveled around the world with Tsarevich Nicholas II. Sailing on the French cruiser "Latouche-Treville", he attended a course in French marine sciences under the leadership of Admiral Fournier, performed all practical work and participated in large maneuvers of the French fleet. He later lectured on marine sciences at an officer artillery school in Tsarskoye Selo. On October 19, 1900 he was transferred to the rank of captain for the Admiralty with seniority in the rank from January 1, 1894. April 1, 1901 promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel for the Admiralty. January 13, 1903 was appointed senior officer of the training vessel "Berezan" with the transfer to the rank of captain of the 2nd rank. Since 1896, he also taught, in addition to the Marine Corps, at the Nikolaev Naval Academy ("sciences related to naval warfare": tactics, strategy, history), and at the same time lectured at the General Staff Academy and the Engineering Academy. For the first time in Russia, he introduced the history of naval art into the curriculum. In 1901, Clado's book, The Modern Naval War, was published - an analysis of all the latest naval wars in the world and an attempt to determine the general dynamics and direction of the development of the fleet, its role, capabilities in the nature of future wars. The main conclusion of the book: "The desire to master the sea and a strong offensive fleet." Upon the publication of the book, Klado received the nickname "Russian Mehan." During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, Klado gave a series of public lectures "on the important role of the fleet" in St. Petersburg, Warsaw, Moscow, Helsingfors and other cities. In April 1904, with the rank of captain of the 2nd rank, he was appointed chief of naval communications - chief of the naval department of the headquarters of the commander of the fleet of the Pacific Ocean. With the appointment of Admiral Skrydlov as commander of the Pacific Fleet, Klado went with him to Port Arthur, but the blockade of the latter forced him to go to Vladivostok, where he took part in editing the data related to the raids of the detachment of high-speed cruisers. He participated in the planning of operations of the Vladivostok detachment of cruisers.- A veteran actor, comedian, minstrel and musician, Tom Brown started in show business as a member of a number of traveling minstrel shows starting in the mid-1880s. He developed his impersonations of various ethnic group, soon being known for his Chinese impersonations, although he was able to do Hebrew and Italian characterizations. He worked with nearly all of the major African-American actors of the late Nineteenth Century; with his first wife, a beautiful young dancer named Siren Navarro, he had a successful comedy dance act that played the Keith Circuit. Brown also played with Ernest Hogan in the show "Rufus Rastus" and with Bert Williams in his solo show "Mr. Lode of Koal." Brown also was a member of the Pekin Theatre stock company of Chicago, and of the Lafayette Players in Harlem. He died in Chicago, but is buried at Cypress Hills Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.