Served as Corporal, Company K, 3rd North Carolina Volunteer Infantry
Regiment (Colored) during the Spanish-American War; worked as a waiter
in a hotel, farm laborer, and as an insurance agent for the North
Carolina Mutual Insurance Company; in the '20s, was Vice President of
Oscar Micheaux' Micheaux Film Corporation, described as "Producers and
Distributors of High Class Negro Photoplays."